Pharmacology made easy (Cough Medicine)

Abstract

Coughing serves as a natural defense mechanism that helps clear the airways of mucus, debris, and other irritants from the bronchi and bronchioles. This reflex is triggered when the respiratory mucosa becomes irritated and is regulated by a cough center located in the medulla oblongata. In managing cough, therapy should aim to relieve symptoms without hindering the normal clearance of bronchopulmonary secretions or delaying proper diagnosis. Broadly, cough medications are classified into two groups: antitussives, which suppress dry and irritating coughs, and expectorants, which facilitate the expulsion of mucus in productive coughs.