Ocular Trauma Anterior Staphyloma: a case of delayed diagnosis leading to enucleation

Abstract

Purpose: To report a rare case of anterior staphyloma in an 8-year-old boy and highlight the clinical and management considerations. Methods: Case report. Results: An 8-year-old boy was referred to our clinic with a progressively enlarging swelling in his left eye (LE) over four years. He had a history of sand entering his eye during childhood, followed by vigorous eye rubbing, but did not seek medical attention at that time. On presentation, visual acuity was 6/9 in the right eye, while the LE had no light perception. Examination revealed an opaque, pedunculated mass measuring 6x6 cm on the LE, with a vascularised and keratinised surface appearing to protrude from the anterior segment of the globe. An orbital computed tomography scan revealed elongation and anterior protrusion of the LE globe. Following a thorough assessment, enucleation of the LE was performed. Conclusion: Anterior staphyloma is a rare ocular condition requiring careful clinical evaluation to determine the most appropriate management strategy. This case emphasises the importance of early intervention and increased awareness of such conditions in paediatric populations to prevent severe visual impairment.