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E-Notes: Recent submissions

  • The Benefts of an Effective Layout in a Business 
    Topimin, Salmah; Buncha, Merlyn Rita (2025-12-11)
    An effective layout in a small café brings multiple benefits by improving both customer experience and staff efficiency. This refers to a well-organised, thoughtfully planned arrangement of furniture, equipment, and customer ...
  • SWOT Analysis of a Family Business 
    Topimin, Salmah; Buncha, Merlyn Rita (2025-12-11)
    A family business benefits from strong commitment, shared values, and long-term vision, which help create stability and quick decision-making. However, it may also face internal challenges such as family conflicts, informal ...
  • Langkah Mengatasi Halangan Komunikasi Perniagaan 
    Topimin, Salmah; Buncha, Merlyn Rita (2025-12-11)
    Komunikasi yang berkesan merupakan tulang belakang kejayaan sesebuah perniagaan. Ia bukan sahaja memastikan maklumat sampai dengan tepat, tetapi juga mengurangkan salah faham, memperkukuh kerjasama antara pekerja, dan ...
  • Improving the Viability of a Business Idea with a Feasibility Study 
    Topimin, Salmah; Buncha, Merlyn Rita (2025-12-11)
    To improve the viability of a business idea, a feasibility study evaluates four key elements. First, the product is assessed to ensure it meets customer needs, is practical to produce, and has a competitive advantage. ...
  • Financial Management for a Small Business 
    Topimin, Salmah; Buncha, Merlyn Rita (2025-12-11)
    Financial management is crucial for a small business because it ensures that resources are used effectively, cash flow remains stable, and the business can sustain operations and grow. Good financial management helps owners ...
  • Making a Good Presentation of Your Business Plan 
    Topimin, Salmah; Buncha, Merlyn Rita (2025-12-11)
    A good presentation of your business plan requires clear structure, strong visuals, and confident delivery. Begin by highlighting the problem your business solves, followed by your unique value proposition. Present key ...
  • Understanding Your Business Break-even Point 
    Topimin, Salmah; Buncha, Merlyn Rita (2025-12-11)
    To find your business’s break-even point, you need to know your fixed costs (like rent, salaries, and insurance) and variable costs (like supplies or materials for each job). The break-even point is reached when your total ...
  • Identifying Your Start-Up’s Financial Needs 
    Topimin, Salmah; Buncha, Merlyn Rita (2025-12-11)
    The financial requirements of a proposed business can be determined by identifying and estimating several key elements. First, capital expenditure (CAPEX) includes all the assets needed to start the business, such as ...
  • SUSTAINABILITY IN SMALL BUSINESS: FACTOR AFFECTING GREEN MANAGEMENT ADOPTION IN KOTA KINABALU SABAH 
    AZAHAR, DEWIE TRIEANA ARFIANIE; LANGGAT, JULIANA (2025-11-24)
    Environmental sustainability is increasingly vital in today’s global business environment, driven by growing concerns over climate change, resource scarcity, and ecological degradation. In the hospitality industry, foodservice ...
  • THE ROLE OF AGROTOURISM IN PROMOTING SOCIAL INCLUSION AND ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION IN RURAL REGIONS 
    Langgat, Juliana; Fabeil, Noor Fzlinda; Marzuki, Kamarul Mizal; Mahmud, Roslinah; Pazim, Khairul Hanim; Pawan, Marry Tracy (2025-09-24)
    This study explores the role of agrotourism in promoting social inclusion and economic diversification in rural regions, with a specific focus on Ranau, Sabah, a region renowned for its agricultural farming activities. ...
  • UniQue MeRaKee_BMC Presentation Guide 
    Binti Abdul Latip, Shazleen; Bin Isman, Ar-Hady; Nicole Thien, Cindy; Hong Loong, Ang (advisor) (UMS OER, 2025-09-15)
    UniQue MeRaKee, which was established by 10 students from Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). The business sells tie-dye tote bags that can be customized with words or quotes. The presentation covers the business's identity, ...
  • Valérie Théa & Co._BMC Presentation Guide 
    A/P Maniam, Sangeetha; Jinn Sheng, Tan; Binti Abd Rahman, Nazatul Aisyah; Binti Safi-in, Siti Saidatul An-nur; Hong Loong, Ang (advisor) (UMS OER, 2025-09-15)
    Valérie Théa & Co. is a beauty business specializing in affordable, all-natural facial masks that cater to a wide demographic of skincare-conscious customers in Malaysia. Guided by the Business Model Canvas framework, the ...
  • Frozen Doughnut Champ_BMC Presentation Guide 
    Binti Abd Latif, Noorly; Binti Zainal, Nur Zahirah; Binti Awang Mas'ud, Dayangku Nur Farzana; Binti Kasman, Qamarina Sarah; Hong Loong, Ang (advisor) (UMS OER, 2025-09-13)
    Frozen Doughnut Champ is a value-driven food business designed to provide convenient, affordable, and high-quality frozen doughnuts that cater to diverse customer needs across Malaysia. Built upon the Business Model Canvas ...
  • Chicclaw Official_BMC Presentation Guide 
    Binti Abdul Nasir, Annie; Binti Awang Rayi, Dayang Nur Haziqah; Motinsai, Fenella; Chen Sze, Geoffrey Kueh; Hong Loong, Ang (advisor) (UMS OER, 2025-09-13)
    Chicclaw Official is a rebranded traditional food venture that leverages local resources and cultural heritage to deliver affordable, nostalgic, and high-quality sweet potato–based products to diverse customer segments ...
  • Popiechez_BMC Presentation Guide 
    Bin Roslan, Mohamad Raihan Firdaus; Bin Maruf, Muhammad Aizzad; Binti Sazali, Nurul Farisha; Hong Loong, Ang (advisor) (UMS OER, 2025-09-13)
    PopieChez is a business created by nine students from Universiti Malaysia Sabah to supplement their income during the semester. The company's vision is to create a difference in the food industry by providing quality food ...
  • GiveUSmile_BMC Presentation Guide 
    Bin Razali, Muhammad Zulhelmi; Binti Awang Madehi, Dayang Nor Fatin Husna; Peter Suwed, Elyiana; Hong Loong, Ang (advisor) (UMS OER, 2025-09-13)
    GiveUSmile Box is a business whose vision is to provide a quality and affordable gift box for everyone, with a mission to create the finest gift boxes available and to attract and maintain customers. The company focuses ...
  • D'Friend.Co_BMC Presentation Guide 
    Anak Unggat Goyanh, Shearer; Binti Dollah@Mohd. Amdu, Norfaezah; Binti Asmi, Amirah Zainatul Syuhaidah; Hong Loong, Ang (advisor) (UMS OER, 2025-09-13)
    The Milky Cerelac Cookies business is a biscuit venture designed to deliver a unique and nutritious product that blends taste with health benefits, targeting customers aged 10 to 45 across Sabah, Sarawak, and Peninsular ...
  • Crystal-Stevia_BMC Presentation Guide 
    Mius, Njuli; Kinajil, Cavan; Bin Fauzi, Mohd Fazrul Hishyam; Viera Lo, Lenny; Hong Loong, Ang (advisor) (UMS OER, 2025-09-13)
    The Crystal-Stevia Business Model Canvas (BMC) provides a comprehensive guideline to showcase the company’s approach in delivering healthier sugar alternatives through natural stevia-based products. By mapping the nine ...
  • AttractsyBox_BMC Presentation Guide 
    Binti Wasran, Nor Azwani; Binti Sani, Nur Athira; Anak Jaya, Sylvia; Hong Loong, Ang (advisor) (UMS OER, 2025-09-13)
    The AttractsyBox Business Model Canvas (BMC) provides a structured framework to present and refine the company’s strategy in offering affordable, high-quality gift boxes tailored to young consumers. By clearly mapping out ...
  • Astrantia Victory_BMC Presentation Guide 
    Bin Milham, Aryan Shah; Binti Jiramun, Nurfajiyah; Yun Jin, Lee; Han Ming, Tee; Hong Loong, Ang (advisor) (UMS OER, 2025-09-13)
    The Astrantia Victory Business Model Canvas (BMC) provides a structured guideline for understanding and designing the key building blocks of the business, including customer segments, value propositions, channels, customer ...

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